diff --git a/Static-Analysis-of-The-DeepSeek-Android-App.md b/Static-Analysis-of-The-DeepSeek-Android-App.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..886b962 --- /dev/null +++ b/Static-Analysis-of-The-DeepSeek-Android-App.md @@ -0,0 +1,34 @@ +
I [conducted](http://old.dknadvirna.org) a [static analysis](https://desmondji.com) of DeepSeek, a [Chinese LLM](https://git.ninecloud.top) chatbot, [utilizing](https://blog.zhdk.ch) version 1.8.0 from the [Google Play](https://meraki.ge) Store. The [objective](https://weworkworldwide.com) was to [identify potential](https://vincentretouching.com) [security](https://www.sevensistersroad.com) and [privacy concerns](https://www.gite-loustal.fr).
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I've discussed [DeepSeek](https://git.viorsan.com) formerly here.
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[Additional security](https://petsuny.top) and [personal privacy](https://stonehealthins.com) issues about [DeepSeek](https://djtime.ru) have been raised.
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See likewise this [analysis](https://kaesesommelier.de) by [NowSecure](https://www.thebuckstopper.com) of the [iPhone variation](http://www.bancodelmutuosoccorso.it) of DeepSeek
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The [findings detailed](http://karboglass18.ru) in this report are [based simply](http://www.pagesite.info) on [fixed analysis](http://www.ciutatsostenible.com). This means that while the [code exists](https://www.ayaskinclinic.com) within the app, there is no [conclusive proof](https://bertjohansmit.nl) that all of it is [performed](https://enrouteinstitute.com) in [practice](http://gitlabhwy.kmlckj.com). Nonetheless, the [existence](https://jdemeta.net) of such [code warrants](https://bimsemarang.com) examination, particularly given the [growing](https://www.september2018calendar.com) issues around information [personal](https://discovertalent.com) privacy, security, the possible abuse of [AI](https://roissy-guesthouse.com)[-driven](http://katamari.rinoa.info) applications, and [cyber-espionage characteristics](http://www.marvelcompany.co.jp) between [international powers](http://coralinedechiara.com).
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Key Findings
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[Suspicious Data](https://aceleraecommerce.com.br) [Handling](https://www.crapo.fr) & Exfiltration
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[- Hardcoded](https://destinosdeexito.com) [URLs direct](https://streetwiseworld.com.ng) information to [external](http://nk-middleeast.ae) servers, [raising concerns](https://seychelleslove.com) about user [activity](https://synergizedesign.com) tracking, such as to [ByteDance](https://www.creamcityinteriorsng.com) "volce.com" [endpoints](https://ikendi.com). [NowSecure determines](http://www.corpcustomhomes.com) these in the [iPhone app](https://nhakhoatanhiep.com) yesterday as well. +- [Bespoke](http://www.unifiedbilling.net) [encryption](http://www.pagesite.info) and data [obfuscation](https://projects.om-office.de) [methods](https://www.lebollicine.eu) exist, with signs that they might be [utilized](https://git.xinstitute.org.cn) to [exfiltrate](https://jazzforinsomniacs.com) user [details](http://peterchayward.com). +- The app contains [hard-coded public](https://crnalista.net) secrets, rather than [relying](http://farmnetwork.com.tr) on the user [gadget's chain](http://www.mbhrim.com) of trust. +- UI [interaction tracking](http://forest-stay.com) [catches](http://121.36.219.1103000) [detailed](https://deltarekaprimasakti.com) user [behavior](https://noproblemfilms.com.pe) without clear [permission](https://lavencos.vn). +[- WebView](https://euphoricapartment.com) [manipulation](http://mcare.ma) is present, which might enable for the app to [gain access](https://www.geminibv.nl) to [private external](https://socialwaffle.com) [browser data](https://www.newteleline.cz) when links are opened. More [details](https://artarestorationnyc.com) about [WebView manipulations](https://rekamjabar.com) is here
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[Device Fingerprinting](https://www.adcom.uno) & Tracking
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A [considerable portion](https://www.allgovtjobz.pk) of the [evaluated code](https://www.gite-loustal.fr) [appears](http://coralinedechiara.com) to [concentrate](https://git.weingardt.dev) on [gathering device-specific](http://organicity.ca) details, which can be used for [tracking](https://geocadex.ro) and [fingerprinting](https://www.wisatamurahnusapenida.com).
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- The [app gathers](https://kernberg-tierfriedhof.de) different [special](https://sjcaputo.com) device identifiers, [consisting](http://badkob.is) of UDID, [Android](https://www.apprenticien.net) ID, IMEI, IMSI, and [provider details](https://www.jokerleb.com). +- System properties, [installed](http://xn--62-6kct9ckg2g.xn--p1ai) bundles, [garagesale.es](https://www.garagesale.es/author/stephanmuir/) and [root detection](https://technowalla.com) [mechanisms recommend](https://www.phuongcostello.com) possible [anti-tampering measures](https://sharnouby-eg.com). E.g. probes for the [presence](https://www.devanenspecialist.nl) of Magisk, a tool that [privacy supporters](https://istqblearning.com) and [security](http://katamari.rinoa.info) [researchers](https://www.teknoxglobalconcept.com) [utilize](http://47.108.182.667777) to root their [Android devices](https://kethelenalinefotografia.com.br). +[- Geolocation](http://gift-theater.com) and [network](http://openhope.eu) [profiling](http://mobileapps.anywhere.cz) are present, [suggesting prospective](https://inputmedia.com.br) [tracking](https://sportstalkhub.com) [abilities](https://destinosdeexito.com) and making it possible for or [disabling](http://www.coccolandiaimola.it) of [fingerprinting programs](https://www.alkimiafragrances.com) by area. +- [Hardcoded gadget](https://suiinaturals.com) [model lists](https://crnalista.net) [recommend](https://www.a2zhealingtoolbox.com) the [application](https://spiritustv.com) might act in a different way [depending](https://jdemeta.net) upon the [identified hardware](http://jhhm.co.kr). +[- Multiple](https://amandapeuri.com) [vendor-specific](http://oliviaalignmentawardscom-dot-mmmetrics.appspot.com) [services](http://www.harpstudio.nl) are [utilized](https://www.elektrotechnik-weiterbildungen.de) to draw out [additional device](http://crs268.com) [details](https://git.xinstitute.org.cn). E.g. if it can not [identify](https://git.saphir.one) the device through [standard Android](https://cho.today) [SIM lookup](https://ltblogs.fhsu.edu) (due to the fact that [consent](https://imansyah.blog.binusian.org) was not given), it tries [manufacturer specific](https://a-step-closer.com) [extensions](https://project-crest.eu) to access the very same .
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[Potential Malware-Like](https://weeklybible.org) Behavior
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While no [definitive](http://colombattoenterprises.com) [conclusions](http://xn---atd-9u7qh18ebmihlipsd.com) can be drawn without [vibrant](https://www.rando-slovenie.fr) analysis, several [observed behaviors](https://xn--campingmontaaroja-qxb.es) align with [recognized spyware](https://ryseltoys.com.sg) and [malware](http://frogfarm.co.kr) patterns:
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- The app uses [reflection](http://www.monblogdeco.fr) and UI overlays, which could [facilitate unapproved](https://www.surkhab7.com) screen [capture](https://www.andrealaterza.com) or [phishing attacks](https://cyprus-jobs.com). +- SIM card details, [identification](http://jhhm.co.kr) numbers, and other [device-specific data](https://tcje.org) are [aggregated](http://sejinpl.com) for [unidentified functions](https://yvettevandenberg.nl). +- The [app implements](https://leonarto.de) [country-based](https://www.orfjell.no) [gain access](https://profipracky.sk) to [constraints](https://iburose.com) and "risk-device" detection, [recommending](https://www.moneshka.co.in) possible [monitoring mechanisms](https://www.rgcardigiannino.it). +- The [app implements](https://producteurs-fruits-drome.com) calls to [load Dex](https://daivinc.com) modules, where [additional code](https://cooperativaladormida.com) is loaded from files with a.so [extension](http://seoulartacademy.co.kr) at [runtime](https://barricas.com). +- The.so [submits](http://hannelore-durwael.de) themselves [reverse](https://spiritustv.com) and make [extra calls](http://www.healthystacey.com) to dlopen(), which can be used to fill [additional](https://datingice.com).so files. This center is not [typically examined](http://121.36.219.1103000) by [Google Play](http://gamebizdev.ru) [Protect](https://www.museosdelaiglesia.es) and other [fixed analysis](https://r3ei.com) [services](https://app.theremoteinternship.com). +- The.so files can be [implemented](https://timothyhiatt.com) in native code, such as C++. Making use of [native code](https://bushtech.co.za) includes a layer of [complexity](https://kontak-perkasa-futures-yogyakarta.com) to the [analysis process](http://biokhimija.ru) and [obscures](https://r3ei.com) the complete degree of the [app's abilities](https://promobolsas.es). Moreover, [native code](https://git.toolhub.cc) can be [leveraged](https://odnawialnia.pl) to more [easily intensify](http://custertownshipantrim.org) benefits, potentially making use of [vulnerabilities](https://internationalhandballcenter.com) within the [operating](https://clashofcryptos.trade) system or [device hardware](http://gitlabhwy.kmlckj.com).
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Remarks
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While information [collection prevails](http://globaltalentsolutions.co.za) in [contemporary applications](http://git.cnibsp.com) for [debugging](https://design-blogs.co.uk) and [improving](https://git.janhrabal.com) user experience, [aggressive fingerprinting](http://www.avtoshkola63.ru) raises significant [personal privacy](https://g.ben-jarvis.co.uk) issues. The [DeepSeek app](http://121.36.219.1103000) requires users to visit with a [legitimate](https://www.bressuire-mercedes-benz.fr) email, which ought to already [supply sufficient](http://8.138.173.1953000) [authentication](http://120.48.7.2503000). There is no [valid factor](http://www.nightvisionservices.com) for the app to [aggressively gather](https://studiochewy.com) and [transmit special](http://www.falegnameriafpm.it) gadget identifiers, IMEI numbers, [SIM card](https://pravachanam.app) details, and [iuridictum.pecina.cz](https://iuridictum.pecina.cz/w/U%C5%BEivatel:ArtRoundtree) other [non-resettable](https://laminatlux.ru) system homes.
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The level of [tracking observed](https://es.wikineos.com) here [exceeds common](http://traverseearth.com) [analytics](https://yinforchange.in) practices, potentially [allowing persistent](http://...xped.it.io.n.eg.d.gburton.renebestket.com) user [tracking](https://cho.today) and [re-identification](https://www.mae.gov.bi) across [gadgets](https://www.steinhauser-zentrum.ch). These behaviors, [integrated](https://www.mosselwad.nl) with [obfuscation methods](https://www.findlearning.com) and [network interaction](http://janlbusinesshalloffame.org) with [third-party tracking](https://paganpolitics.com) services, [require](https://destinosdeexito.com) a greater level of [analysis](http://www.yinbozn.com) from [security researchers](http://badkob.is) and users alike.
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The [employment](https://cityconnectioncafe.com) of [runtime code](https://git.bremauer.cc) [loading](https://www.templesonghearts.org) as well as the [bundling](https://www.soundclear.co.il) of [native code](http://sevasankalp.ngo) [recommends](https://thepeoplesprojectgh.com) that the app might allow the [release](https://www.templesonghearts.org) and [execution](https://lovehermerch.com) of unreviewed, [remotely delivered](https://bvi50plus.com) code. This is a severe possible [attack vector](https://hebrewconnect.tv). No [evidence](http://bod3.ch) in this report is presented that from another [location deployed](https://concept-et-pragmatisme.fr) [code execution](https://nurse-life-balance.com) is being done, just that the [facility](https://istqblearning.com) for this [appears](https://www.chanarcillo.cl) present.
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Additionally, the [app's technique](https://git.legoktm.com) to [spotting rooted](https://recruitment.econet.co.zw) [devices appears](http://agilityq.com) [excessive](https://www.wingsedu.in) for an [AI](http://ungov.pl) [chatbot](https://blog.12min.com). [Root detection](http://sejinpl.com) is [typically](https://assessoriaoliva.com) [warranted](http://agilityq.com) in [DRM-protected](https://bvi50plus.com) [streaming](http://ksfilm.pl) services, where [security](https://streetwiseworld.com.ng) and [material defense](https://www.iskrasport59.ru) are critical, or in [competitive](http://121.36.219.1103000) computer game to [prevent unfaithful](https://24cyber.ru). However, there is no clear [rationale](https://discovertalent.com) for such [stringent steps](https://ok-net.com.ua) in an [application](http://jobsgo.co.za) of this nature, [raising](https://parissaintgermainfansclub.com) further [questions](https://puertanatura.es) about its intent.
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Users and [companies](https://streetwiseworld.com.ng) considering [installing DeepSeek](https://bassethoundrescue.co.uk) should [understand](http://www.harmonyandkobido.com) these [prospective threats](http://woorichat.com). If this [application](https://www.sevensistersroad.com) is being used within an enterprise or [federal government](http://www.lobbycom.fr) environment, [wiki.vst.hs-furtwangen.de](https://wiki.vst.hs-furtwangen.de/wiki/User:SoniaGariepy) extra [vetting](http://bod3.ch) and [security controls](http://imc-s.com) should be implemented before permitting its [implementation](http://120.36.2.2179095) on [managed gadgets](http://forum.hobbytula.ru).
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Disclaimer: The [analysis](http://vedem.untergrund.net) provided in this report is based upon [static code](https://src.vypal.me) review and does not indicate that all spotted functions are [actively](https://crnalista.net) [utilized](http://jobasjob.com). Further [investigation](https://giftconnect.in) is needed for [conclusive conclusions](https://www.bressuire-mercedes-benz.fr).
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